Aperture & ISO Control Experiments

Aperture Control

The aperture of the camera is adjusted using the F stop settings. On most cameras, the smallest F stop is 22 and the largest F stop is 3.5.
We experimented with the aperture settings on the camera outside, on a day that varied between being bright and being clouded. The smaller the aperture setting, the less light that is absorbed. This is useful for bright days, as it stops the resulting photographs from being overexposed. If the aperture is larger, it lets in more light and so is used to prevent photographs from being underexposed in darker settings.
As well as this, the aperture settings allow the photographer to determine the depth of field (the amount of an image that is in focus). If the depth of field is thin, there is less distance in focus. If it is thick, more of the background of the image or other subjects are in focus. We experimented with this using a plastic toy gun as a prop.

This image was taken at our camera's smallest aperture setting, which was 25.

This image was taken at aperture setting 11, which we decided was roughly between the smallest and largest aperture. Here, the thicker depth of field can be seen compared to the first image.

The final image was taken at aperture setting 4.5, which was the lowest that our camera's settings allowed. The depth of field here is at its thickest, as all of the background as well as the prop is in focus.

ISO Control

The ISO setting controls how quickly the camera reacts to light. Most cameras have settings available from around 100 to 1600, although our camera's ISO settings went up to 3200. At the lowest setting, 100, the camera will react to absorb the light slowly. This is useful for bright conditions. At 1600, the camera reacts a lot faster, and therefore is useful for darker lighting conditions.
During the below photographs, our aperture setting was at F11.

Here, our ISO setting was at the camera's lowest, 100.

Here, our ISO setting was 1200.

Our camera's highest setting was 3200, which we experimented with here.

Spot Healing Tool.

The image I decided to experiment with the spot heal tool on features a model with acne. I aimed to level out her skin tone and hide the blemishes, so that they are much less noticeable. 

In order to do this, I used the spot healing tool on Photoshop. I selected the spot healing tool, and then pressed alt. As I did this, I selected a clear patch of skin from an area with the same skin tone. I then placed it over the top of  the skin, so the acne was not visible. I continued to do this over the model's face, until no acne could be seen.